Puerperal hypocalcemia in dogs is a condition that causes low calcium levels in the blood, and it is the result of losing calcium while puppies are nursing. It can occur in dogs of any breed or size, however small breed dogs that gave birth to large litters are at an increased risk of developing this condition. In most cases the condition occurs two to four weeks after giving birth, though it is possible for dogs to develop puerperal hypocalcemia at any time during their lactation period.
Symptoms of puerperal hypocalcemia in dogs will come on suddenly and progress quickly. The beginning symptoms are restlessness and panting. Then the symptoms progress to tremors, shaking, twitching, and muscle spasms. These symptoms can occur throughout the dog's entire body or move around.
Once a dog has been diagnosed with puerperal hypocalcemia, treatment consists of immediate calcium replacement through intravenous therapy. The amount of calcium administered intravenously is given slowly, generally over a period of 10 to 30 minutes. The symptoms of puerperal hypocalcemia begin to disappear almost immediately, and if the condition is treated in time the prognosis is excellent.