Introduction
Diabetes is a condition in dogs that occurs when the pancreas does not produce enough insulin. It is diagnosed most often in middle aged to older dogs, but in some cases younger dogs can develop diabetes. Diabetes is not a curable disease, but can be managed with lifelong medications, regular check-ups, and supplemental dietary changes.
How Diabetes Affects Dogs
Diabetes is a disease in dogs that affects its ability to transfer energy (glucose) to the cells in the body. When a dog eats food, the body breaks down the sugars and starches into glucose (fuel for the cells). The hormone insulin is then responsible for carrying the glucose to the cells. When the dog’s body does not produce enough insulin, diabetes, it prevents the glucose from being transferred from the blood to the cells. As a result, the blood becomes saturated with glucose, and two things can occur:
- Right away, your dog's cells may be starved for energy
- Over time, high blood glucose levels may hurt your dog's eyes, kidneys, nerves or heart
Common Symptoms of Diabetes in Dog
Causes of Diabetes in Dogs
There are two main causes for diabetes. The first cause is hereditary, which means if the dog’s parents had diabetes, then their offspring are more likely to also develop diabetes. The second common cause stems from an underlying health issue that affects the dog’s ability to manage insulin levels: obesity, Cushing’s disease, Pancreatitis, etc…
Managing Diabetes in Dogs
Diabetes must be controlled through insulin injections and diet. If your dog has been diagnosed with diabetes, then you will need to work with your veterinarian to find the right insulin dose for your dog. In some cases the condition can be controlled just with diet and weight loss, but in most cases insulin therapy is required.