Introduction
Heart failure in dogs is a condition which occurs when the heart is no longer able to pump enough blood through the body at levels that are required by the body’s organs. Heart failure in dogs can occur due to a number of reasons: old age, injury to the heart, abnormalities within the heart’s structures, or inherited heart conditions which eventually progress to heart failure.
Symptoms of Heart Failure in Dogs
Depending on why the dog is experiencing heart failure, the following symptoms may occur suddenly and without warning, or they may slowly develop over a long period of time.
- Shortness of breath
- Coughing and/or, progressive worsening cough
- Weakness
- Fatigue
- Collapse
- Blue and/or pale tint to the tongue and gums
- Swelling in the abdomen or legs
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Increased thirst and urination
- Excessively rapid or extremely weak heart rate
Diagnosing Heart Failure in Dogs
The diagnosis of heart failure is based upon the dog’s symptoms, history, physical examination (Veterinarian will auscult (listen) to the lungs for sounds that resemble crackles or fluid in the chest), electrocardiogram test, X-rays, and/or ultrasound imaging of the heart. Blood and urine tests may also be conducted to try to determine the cause of the symptoms.
Treating Heart Failure
Heart failure, depending on the cause, can be treated using a number of medications which help to stabilize the heart beat and reduce symptoms such as increased bloating and coughing. Medications such as bronchodilators may also be used to help the dog breath better and increase oxygen levels in the blood.
Common Drugs for Heart Disease
- Lasix (Furosemide) a diuretic that is the gold standard medication to pull fluid out of the chest.
- Enalapril or Benazepril makes the workload for the heart easier.
- Pimobendan (Vetmedin). Newer drug that is excellent for congestive heart failure.
Outlook for Dogs with Heart Failure
The prognosis for heart failure in dogs is poor to grave. Once heart failure has occurred, medications may be used to extend the longevity of the dog’s life and increase the quality of life. However heart failure can rarely be cured.