Introduction
There is no test that is used to definitively diagnose ectropion in dogs. Instead, this condition is diagnosed through evaluating the dog’s symptoms, physical appearance of the eye, results of a Schirmer tear test, and the dog’s history and breed.
Diagnosing Ectropion in Dogs
Due to the fact that most cases of ectropion cause a classic drooping of the lower eyelid, usually in the center of the eye, this physical abnormality is a large part of the ectropion diagnosis. The eye tissue that is exposed to the drooping lower eyelid will often appear red and inflamed as well.
In addition to the drooping of the lower eyelid, a veterinarian will usually perform a Schirmer tear test. This quick test uses a paper strip that is applied to the eye for a few seconds to measure the moisture level in the eye. Ectropion does not always cause dry eye, but in most cases the moisture levels in the eye will not be normal.
If a dog has a history of inflamed or infected eyes, bacterial infections such as conjunctivitis, or a history of dry eye, then these symptoms are also an indication, along with the droopy lower lid, that the dog has ectropion. Certain types of breeds are prone to ectropion too, and in many cases the dog’s breed is factored into the diagnosis.
A complete eye examination is used to rule out any other cause of the condition and to check for any current infections or damage that has occurred to the eye. Blood tests and a complete physical examination may also be performed to rule out any additional cause of the symptoms.