Introduction
Cataracts in dogs are areas on the lens of the eye which become opaque enough to the point where light cannot pass through the lens. The condition will cause vision impairment, and dogs suffer from this condition more than any other domesticated animal. In most cases of canine cataracts the condition is genetically inherited. Dogs can develop cataracts as early as two months of age.
Symptoms of Cataracts in Dogs
Signs of cataracts in dogs include small areas of opacity on the lens of the eye. These areas can stay the same size, rapidly grow over a short period of time, or slowly grow over a long period of time. Dogs with cataracts will begin to show visual problems such as bumping into the corner of walls, tripping over objects, and high stepping with their front paws. A clouding of the lens may also occur in older dogs, but this condition (known as nuclear sclerosis) does not affect vision although it is easily confused with cataracts by pet owners.
Diagnosing Cataracts in Dogs
Cataracts are diagnosed through an ophthalmic examination of the eye, and performing a few tests to determine if the dog's vision has been disturbed. An additional examination of the eye using a slit lamp biomicroscopic tool may also be used to diagnose a cataract. Dogs with Diabetes Mellitus may develop cataracts so blood tests may also be recommended.
Treating Cataracts in Dogs
The only way to successfully treat a cataract in dogs is to surgically remove the cataract. However, cataract surgery poses its own risks and may not always be possible. Eye drops containing atropine may help with cataract visual disturbances, but this is not a cure for the cataracts or a long term solution.
Outlook for Dogs with Cataracts
The prognosis for cataracts is excellent. While cataracts may result in loss of vision and eventually complete blindness, they will not affect the dog's health. Dogs usually adjust to their visual impairment so thoroughly that it is difficult to tell that they have difficulty seeing or are blind.