Definition
Gastric ulcers are open defects in the lining of the stomach caused by sloughing of necrotic inflammatory tissue. These wounds can penetrate deeply into the sensitive tissues of the digestive tract and cause painful and often debilitating symptoms.
How Gastric Ulcers Affect Dogs
Stomach ulcers can cause vomiting (often with blood present), abdominal pain, depression, anxiety, irritability, anorexia, dehydration and black tarry stools. In severe cases, gastric ulcers cause pale gums, lethargy, weakness, collapse and shock, depending upon the amount of blood loss. Any dog with chronic vomiting that includes digested blood (which looks like coffee grounds) should be suspected of having gastric ulcers.
Causes of Stomach Ulcers in Dogs
Stomach ulcers can be caused by a number of things, such as irritating medications, stress, hypersensitivity reactions, ingestion of foreign objects, cancer, bacterial or viral infection, inflammation, ingested toxins and other abnormalities.
Preventing Stomach Ulcers in Dogs
Dietary management can help prevent stomach ulcers in dogs and may reduce the severity of symptoms when dogs are suffering from severe ulceration. Highly digestible prescription or other foods can reduce inflammation and irritation. Feeding small meals multiple times a day can also help reduce gastrointestinal irritation caused by ulcers. Free access to fresh water should always be provided. Harsh medications and food which contribute to stomach discomfort should be removed from the dog’s regimen. Your veterinarian is best equipped to help identify these for you. As in people, stress can contribute to gastrointestinal irritation in pets. Owners should assess their dog’s environment to identify any particular stressors, such as loud noises, the absence of a secure and private place for sleep and rest and a lack of exercise and play times during the day.
Special Notes
Stomach ulcers in dogs are not terribly difficult to diagnose. The therapeutic goals for dogs suffering from gastric ulcers include providing excellent supportive care, identifying and removing the underlying cause of the ulcers, promoting healing of the stomach lining and preventing further internal bleeding. The outlook for dogs with stomach ulceration is good to excellent for mild to moderate cases that are diagnosed and treated in a timely fashion. The outlook for dogs with severe ulcers depends on the dog’s response to treatment and overall health.