Introduction
There are three different types of parvovirus which affects dogs, but all three of these strains cause the same types of symptoms to develop. Each of these strains are highly contagious, and in most cases they attack puppies and young dogs. Once symptoms appear, immediate treatments need to begin. With timely and aggressive treatments, the survival rate of puppies and young dogs drastically increases.
Types of Canine Parvovirus
Parvovirus was first discovered in 1967. The initial virus, named CPV-1, only affected newborn puppies. Then in the late 1970s, a more virulent and aggressive strain of parvovirus began to attack older puppies and younger dogs. This virus was different from the original 1967 strain, and it was named CPV-2. There are now three known strains of CPV-2 parvovirus: CPV-2a, CPV-2b, and CPV-2c.
CPV-2a, CPV-2b, and CPV-2c
The CPV-2a virus was a more virulent and aggressive virus which mutated from the original CPV-2 virus. CPV-2b is the strain of parvovirus that most pet owners need to vaccinate against today. This has been the most prevalent form of parvovirus. The latest type of parvovirus, CPV-2c was discovered in 2000. This virus has the ability to infect cats if they have not received their feline distemper vaccination, though this type of infection in cats is very rare. Newer forms of parvovirus vaccines have been created for increased effectiveness against parvovirus strains.
Symtoms of Canine Parvovirus
Symptoms of parvovirus can begin between 4 and 14 days after the initial infection. The most common symptoms of parvovirus are vomiting and diarrhea. Many puppies and young dogs infected with parvovirus quickly develop such severe vomiting that they are unable to hold down even small sips of water. As the parvovirus attacks the lining of the intestines, the lining dies and is excreted in the diarrhea. As a result, the severe watery diarrhea often becomes bloody and has a gel like appearance. In addition to vomiting and diarrhea, infected puppies or dogs with parvovirus may also display severe lethargy or depression and a lack of appetite.
If you notice any of these symptoms in your puppy, or dog, go a veterinarian or emergency medical clinic immediately.