Introduction
Most dogs empty their anal glands naturally whenever they have a bowel movement or during exercise. Dogs that have problems with impacted anal glands usually do so for a variety of reasons. Some may have anal gland problems because they are being fed a low fiber diet. A fiber rich diet results in voluminous stools, which tend to naturally express the glands during a bowel movement. Obesity and/or a lack of exercise can result in impacted anal glands because the glands do not get expressed naturally.
Symptoms of Anal Sac Disease
When the anal glands fail to empty, most dogs simply rub their hind ends along the ground (scooting) thereby squeezing and emptying the glands. If unsuccessful, they may become uncomfortable, begin straining, and start excessive licking and biting of the anal area. If left untreated, a rash around the anus may develop due to self-trauma. Some dogs may chase their tails and/or undergo changes in temperament.
Dogs that require constant anal gland emptying should be thoroughly assessed by a veterinarian to make sure that there is no underlying medical problem. Dogs may rub and lick their rectal area for reasons other than impacted anal glands, such as allergies (e.g. inhalants or food), intestinal parasites (e.g. tapeworms) and tumors.