Introduction
Canine degenerative myelopathy is a condition which results in a disruption of communication between the brain and the spinal cord. The condition results in a slow paralysis that may eventually result in lameness, incontinence, and difficulty with balance. Currently there is no cure for canine degenerative myelopathy, but there are emerging treatments that can slow the progression of the disease and help to increase the quality of life for the patient.
Treating Canine Degenerative Myelopathy
Physical Therapy
One of the main treatments for canine degenerative myelopathy use exercise and physical therapy. Activity seems to slow down the progression of the disease, and as a result the dog is able to maintain balance and the ability to walk for a longer period of time. Recently, canine hydrotherapy has proven to be very beneficial for dogs with canine degenerative myelopathy. This type of treatment involves swimming exercises and programs that help the dog to exercise all muscles of the body.
Another treatment option for canine degenerative myelopathy involves the use of a wheel cart for the dog which allows the dog to become mobile again when the back legs become paralyzed. As long as the dog is able to coordinate and balance the front legs, then a wheel cart will keep the dog comfortable and mobile. However once the back legs become paralyzed the dog will also become incontinent, and the pet owner will need to frequently clean the dog and change the dog’s bedding and diapers.
Medication
There are two types of medications that are currently under study for treatment of canine degenerative myelopathy: aminocaproic acid and N-acetylcysteine. Aminocaproic acid inhibits enzymes which break down proteins, and these enzymes may be responsible for the degeneration of the myelin sheaths which protect the neurons of the spinal cord. High doses of N-acetylcysteine have been effective for cystic fibrosis, and it may help with canine degenerative myelopathy as well.