Lifespan
A Labrador Retriever's life expectancy is generally 12 to 13 years, or longer with good medical care. They are a healthy breed with relatively few major problems.
Common Health Issues
Labs are somewhat prone to hip and elbow dysplasia, especially the larger dogs, though not as much as some other breeds. Hip scores are recommended before breeding. A luxating patella is also common in the breed.
Eye problems are also possible in some Labs, particularly progressive retinal atrophy, cataracts, corneal dystrophy and retinal dysplasia. Dogs which are intended to be bred should be examined by a veterinary ophthalmologist for an eye score.
Other Health Concerns
Labs are sometimes prone to ear infection, because their floppy ears trap warm, moist air. This is easy to control, but needs regular checking to ensure that a problem is not building up. A healthy Lab ear should look clean and light pink, almost white, inside. Darker pink, or inflamed red or brownish deposits, are a symptom of ear infection. The usual treatment is regular cleaning daily or twice daily. As a preventative measure, some owners clip the hair carefully around the ear and under the flap, to encourage better air flow. Labradors also get cases of allergic reactions to food or other environmental factors.
Labs are often overfed and are allowed to become overweight. They enjoy treats, have hearty appetites, and are endearing towards people. Lack of activity is also a contributing factor. A healthy Lab should keep a very slight hourglass waist and be fit and light, rather than fat or heavy-set. Excessive weight is strongly implicated as a risk factor in the later development of hip dysplasia or other joint problems and diabetes, and also can contribute to general reduced health when older. Osteoarthritis is commonplace in older, especially overweight, Labs.