There are many misconceptions about pain and animals. For example, because a pet is not moaning or crying out does not mean it is free of pain. Most animals (unlike humans) are quite long-suffering and less vocal about their pain.
The increased risk factor associated with anesthesia and surgery in all ages of pets can be greatly reduced by taking some simple precautions.
If left to their own resources, most dogs will wander away from home. Dogs instinctively do so whether in search of perceived prey or simply to explore their environment. Unfortunately, nothing can be done to guarantee that your dog will never wander off your property.