Introduction
Respiratory infections in cats are usually viral infections, though in some cases the infections can be caused by a bacteria or fungus. These types of infections generally affect the cat’s upper respiratory tract, and if the infection is not treated secondary infections, such as pneumonia, can occur.
Causes of Respiratory Infections in Cats
The majority of respiratory infections in cats, (well over 90%), are caused by two viruses: feline viral rhinotracheitis, also known as feline herpes, and the calicavirus. These viruses are airborne, and they are highly contagious. Kittens, outdoor cats, and cats or kittens living in crowded conditions are at a high risk of developing these infections. Fortunately there are vaccines available that will prevent, or minimize, these types of respiratory infections.
Outlook for Cats with Respiratory Infection
Once a cat, or kitten, is exposed to a viral respiratory infection, it can take a few days up to two weeks before symptoms appear. Most cats and kittens recover on their own, but in some cases they will need supportive therapies and antibiotics if symptoms are severe or secondary bacterial infections occur. Even after a cat, or kitten, recovers from a viral respiratory infection they can still carry and shed the virus for many years.
The highly contagious nature of viral respiratory infections in cats cannot be understated. Pet owners have accidentally brought this virus home to their cats on their clothing, shoes, and hands, after coming into contact with infected cats outside of the home. Pet owners who work with other cats, or have contact with other kittens or cats, should always wash their hands and change their clothes before they interact with their own cat.