Feline distemper, also known as panleukopenia, is actually caused by a parvovirus which is very similar to the parvovirus that causes parvo in puppies and dogs. While there is a vaccination available for feline distemper, unvaccinated cats and kittens that live in crowded and unsanitary condition are at risk of becoming infected with this highly contagious disease. While there is no cure for feline distemper, there are treatments available that will calm the deadly symptoms and increase the cat’s chances of survival.
The main symptoms of feline distemper, (vomiting, diarrhea, and dangerous secondary bacterial infections in the intestines), will quickly progress into life threatening complications if they are not addressed. A cat that has been diagnosed with feline distemper has to be quarantined, and then aggressive treatments to alleviate the symptoms are administered.
Intravenous fluid therapies with balanced electrolytic solutions are given in order to keep the cat hydrated and to reduce dehydration and shock. For additional health support, B vitamins are added to the intravenous fluids. Broad spectrum antibiotics are often given intravenously until the cat is able to handle oral medications. Antiemetics such as metoclopramide are intravenously administered to calm vomiting and nausea. If the cat has become dangerously anemic, then whole blood transfusions may be given. Additional nutritional support may also be given intravenously if the cat has been unable to eat or process food for an extended amount of time.
Successful treatment of feline distemper generally takes about a week, but it can take many more weeks for the cat to regain its health back. If a cat survives an infection with feline distemper there are generally no permanent after effects, and the cat will acquire a life long immunity to the disease. The chances of a successful recovery are increased if the treatments are begun as soon as any symptoms of the disease develop. If you notice any symptoms of feline distemper in your cat or kitten, go to a veterinarian or emergency clinic immediately.