Introduction
Anaphylactic shock is a type of severe allergic reaction in cats that can cause death if it is not treated in a timely manner. Cats that develop anaphylactic shock begin to show symptoms which include: excitement or restlessness, vomiting, swelling of the head, difficulty breathing, sudden diarrhea, shock, difficulty walking, collapse, and seizures. Fortunately anaphylactic shock can be successfully treated, as long as the treatments are administered in time.
Treating Anaphylactic Shock
Once a cat goes into anaphylactic shock, treatments need to be given within minutes in order for the cat to survive. An injection of epinephrine is the main treatment for anaphylactic shock. Epinephrine is a type of hormone that is released when the body goes into a ‘fight or flight’ emergency reaction. This type of medication acts as an adrenaline and increases the heart rate and suppresses the immune system. The immune system suppression action of epinephrine in the body helps to stop the anaphylactic allergy response quickly.
In addition to epinephrine, additional supportive therapies are often necessary for a successful recovery. Intravenous fluids are administered to combat shock, oxygen therapy is administered if necessary, and in some cases corticosteroids are used to help reduce swelling and further allergic reactions.
Repeated occurrences of anaphylactic shock can happen again if the cat continues to be exposed to the allergen that caused the reaction. The most common allergens which cause anaphylactic shock in cats include: vaccines, medications, food allergies, and bites from insects. To prevent another anaphylactic shock emergency, any type of contact with the anaphylactic causing allergen will need to be strictly avoided.