Introduction
Treating heart disease in cats includes using medications that will address the form of heart disease which is occurring, and addressing symptoms that are making the cat uncomfortable. In some cases, treating an underlying medical condition may control or eliminate heart disease in cats.
Treating Heart Disease in Cats
Reducing Fluid in the Lungs
One of the most dangerous side effects of heart disease is fluid which accumulates in the lungs. To combat this symptom, a medication known as furosemide is frequently prescribed. In cases where the symptoms are severe, the medication may be given intravenously and then orally once the symptoms are controlled. Furosemide will also help to reduce bloat in other areas of the body that occurs due to heart disease.
Lowering Blood Pressure
Vasodilators such as enalapril are prescribed to help conserve the strength of the heart and reduce wear on the heart by lowering blood pressure through dilation of the blood vessels. Enalapril has also been shown to reduce enlargement of the left side of the heart in cats that are suffering from hypertrophic cardiomyopathy as well. Beta blockers, such as atenolol, may also be prescribed to decrease the heart’s rhythm if necessary. These medications are most commonly prescribed in cases of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
Decreasing Workload on the Heart
Calcium channel blockers such as diltiazem are prescribed to increase elasticity of the heart walls and to decrease the workload on the heart. In some cats this medication can actually reverse thickening of the heart muscles, and it is used especially in cases of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and dilated cardiomyopathy.
Underlying Conditions that May Cause Heart Disease
If a cat’s heart disease is the result of an underlying condition such as hyperthyroidism or taurine deficiency, then these conditions must be addressed before the cat can be effectively treated for heart disease. Life long thyroid medications can help to control hyperthyroidism, and taurine supplements will treat taurine deficiency.